Archives

Introduction:

There are 3 ways to put wildlife conservation on a legal footing.

1.- Establish laws for individual species

  - establish laws for a small group of species

2. - establish a treaty for a particular region

3.- Establish a World Wide Treaty

CITES:

Conservation on international trade in Endangered Species (of Wilf Fauna and Flora)

CITES was signed since 1973 and now there are over 110 nations who have signed. It prohibits International commercial trade in the rarest 600 species of animals and plants and requires licences from the country of origin for export of about another 200 groups. CITES deals with the problem of widespread, illegal trade of the threatened species.

Resources are important in today’s society therefore it is important to reduce waste in as many ways as possible.

Energy and material use can affect human carrying capacity since the more resources there are the more people can use them, this however is limited by several factors and it is therefore important to manage resources better.

Ways in which this can be achieved are:

recycling, for example in Switzeland there are facilities for each village at the dump where people sort there trash into different parts these are: paper, aluminium, cooking oils, PET (plastic), glass (different colours) and garden waste (decaying vegetation)

Factors which increase birth rate:

Populations are a dynamic element of nature. They are dependent on food, space and predation to change. When a large population has enough food then it may continue growing. As the population grows for one group of animals so it grows for another group of animals. For example if there are a lot of mice then the owl population may increase as there is a lot of food for the owls. Conversly though if the population of mice decreases then the Owls will suffer as they no longer have enough food to sustain themselves.

This is a collection of electronic notes therefore there are only main points without going in too much detail. This should be used to build up an image of what you would like to discuss, after which you research areas for which you do not have information.

Conservation organisations
Greenhouse effect (global warming)
Tropical rainforests and their vulnerability
International treaties governing trade in Endengared Species.
Section 4.3.2
Population dynamics

Introduction

The demographic model as you may guess is a model, in other words it is a certain amount of data taken raw and transformed into something which people may understand. In other words it is an oversimplification of reality. The demographic transition model has taken data from industrialised countries such as England, France and many more in order to see what similarities there are between countries and deciding what stage other countries are going through at this moment in time. It is divided into 4 stages, The first being the most primitive and fourth as being the most developed even though there may be a fifth stage

When tourism is well managed then it can have huge advantages on the local population. At times and in some countries though tourism is carried out in an unsustainable way. This means that other a period of time the resources and the reason for which people come to the region may be altered. It is for this reason that a lot of planning must take place in the planning phase.

 If you have studied history you will find out that there are certain factors involved in making the decision to colonise an area rather than an other and whether or not to remain nomadic.

    As you may or may not know Nyon is a very old city founded by the Celts and later taken over by the Romans when Switzerland was Julia Equestris. It is suspected to have been built around forty BC. The city which you know as Nyon is around 2048 years old.

Why do I need to know this

In examinations you receive many different types of data such as tables with many numbers, demographic transition models as mentioned before and another is population pyramids.

Stage 1

Because of the high birth rates the bottom age group of the graph is full with a large percentage of living people there while higher up it tapers off. This is due to the high mortality rate from birth upwards and also due to the short life expectancy in these countries.

As the human population has reached 7 billion people on the 19th of June it is important that people are aware of this problem but then again we must not be to skeptic therefore I have decided to introduce you to population by explaining why certain areas are settled and why others aren’t.

(I don’t remember when I wrote this.)

Population pyramids
Reasons for settling certain areas
Tourism and its drawbacks

Weathering is the gradual disintegration of rocks where they are. Erosion means the wearing away of a landscape. This involves transport. Weathering + dehydration (the lowering of the landscape)

Physical Weathering

Temperature Change

In deserts and in savannah grasslands important daily changes in temperature occur. This leads to exfoliation or onion peeling. This occurs in rocks of uniform structure e.g. Granite. This changes rocks into rounded boulders.

In exfoliation the outer section of the rock is heated up much faster than the inner part so that where weaknesses occur there is a difference in expansion therefore loosening the outside part of the rock and as time goes on and this takes place often it crumbles off leaving rounded boulders.